FOUNDATIONS OF EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE IN MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING

Evidence-based practice (EBP) in medicine is the cornerstone of modern healthcare, integrating the best available research, clinical expertise, and patient values to guide decision-making. This approach ensures that medical interventions are both scientifically validated and tailored to individual patient needs, improving outcomes and reducing unnecessary risks. The foundations of EBP rest on systematic literature reviews, critical appraisal of evidence, and the application of findings in real-world clinical settings. Key components include formulating clear clinical questions, accessing high-quality studies, and evaluating evidence for reliability and relevance. Clinicians must balance research insights with practical experience while considering patient preferences and ethical implications. Challenges such as rapidly evolving medical knowledge, variations in study quality, and barriers to implementation highlight the need for continuous learning and adaptability. By fostering a culture of inquiry and lifelong education, healthcare professionals can bridge the gap between research and practice, ensuring patient-centered, effective, and ethical care. Ultimately, EBP empowers clinicians to make informed decisions, enhances healthcare quality, and promotes accountability in medical practice, reinforcing its vital role in advancing patient well-being and systemic efficiency.